Potential health risk assessment through the consumption of arsenic-contaminated groundwater in parts of the middle Gangetic plain

Abstract Background Arsenic toxicity in humans is well recognized. It has been classified as a class I human carcinogen by the International Agency of Research on Cancer. enters body mainly through drinking water, dermal contact, food chain, and inhalation. The Gangetic belt India considered one most arsenic-affected sites India. Health risk assessment population exposed to arsenic water important. present study was conducted assess groundwater quality associated health risks people Samastipur district middle Bihar. Groundwater samples from 40 different were collected analyzed for various physico-chemical properties water. Results (> 0.01 mg/L) 33% analyzed. Subsequently, an carcinogenic non-carcinogenic (HQ) children, females, males area performed. Risk showed that 100% may be at 35% risk, among these, children maximum risk. Furthermore, computational arsenic–protein interactome revealed enrichment cancer-related pathways. Conclusions recommended provide arsenic-free alternate sources area.